…seizures, confusion, a change in behaviour, collapse or an acute neurological deficit. Hypoglycaemia can cause hemiparesis, aphasia and radiological changes resembling ischaemic stroke. Glucose measurement…

…adults must account for chronological age, biological age, frailty, multimorbidity, cognitive status, functional capacity, orthostatic symptoms, and treatment burden. Although older adults are often defined…

…benefit and harm. Prevention in the very elderly therefore extends beyond reducing myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, or cardiovascular death. Preservation of mobility, cognition, independence…

…of stay, institutional care, readmission, cognitive decline and increased mortality [3,4]. Do this first 1. Assess vital signs and level of consciousness immediately. 2…

…a longer symptomatic course Consciousness Usually preserved, but may be impaired in severe DKA Cognitive impairment is more common, particularly at very high osmolality Blood…

Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) refers to atherosclerotic narrowing of the left main coronary artery, which supplies…

…unknown duration : These cases are managed as chronic hyponatremia. Degree of hyponatremia P/S Na + Common effects Mild 130 125 mmol/l Cognitive disorders, vertigo…

…cognitive dysfunction, Parkinsonism, vegetative state, or brain death. The cause of brain injuries is anoxic cell death, continued dysfunction in cerebral blood flow (autoregulation) after…