…than by ejection fraction alone. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by: Symptoms and/or signs of HF. A left ventricular ejection…

…Constrictive pericarditis also leads to right sided heart failure, which is explained by the fact that high pressure in the right atrium leads to a…

…predominantly by atrial tissue; its midregional pro ANP assay may provide information comparable to BNP and NT proBNP in heart failure (HF). The biologically active…

…Sudden severe dyspnoea. Acute pulmonary oedema. Hypotension. Progressive heart failure. Cardiogenic shock. Complete transection of a papillary muscle may cause immediately overwhelming MR. Partial rupture…

…or cardiac arrest with suspected pulmonary embolism. Urgent bedside echocardiography, looking for right ventricular strain. If CT pulmonary angiography can be performed immediately, do it…

…decades. Potential explanations for this trend include an ageing population, increased incidence and prevalence of cancer, heart failure, obesity, type 2 diabetes and physical inactivity…

…the normal heart axis is between –30° and 90°. If the axis is more positive than 90° it is referred to as right axis deviation…

…the normal heart axis is between –30° and 90°. If the axis is more positive than 90° it is referred to as right axis deviation…

…diagnosed cases). Paroxysmal atrial flutter. Chronic atrial flutter. The observant will notice that the classification differs slightly from that of atrial fibrillation. Acute and paroxysmal…

…It is uncommon for chronic pericardial effusions to cause sudden cardiac arrest since these cases tend to be recognized and managed before circulatory collapse occurs…