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Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders as Future Cardiovascular Risk

…postpartum period. Maternal and obstetric complications Immediate maternal complications include placental abruption, stroke, multiple organ failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, pulmonary oedema, hepatic complications, renal impairment…

Ezetimibe: Place in Therapy and Expected LDL-C Reduction

…reduction of LDL cholesterol (LDL C), through a mechanism complementary to that of statins. Statins reduce hepatic cholesterol synthesis, whereas ezetimibe limits intestinal cholesterol uptake…

Ivabradine: Indications, Dosing and Heart-Rate Targets

…is required in severe hepatic or renal impairment, and clinically relevant interactions occur with CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers. Clinical indications Heart failure with reduced ejection…

Renal parameters

…patients with hepatic cirrhosis — creatinine based eGFR substantially overestimates renal function. Staging of chronic kidney disease Stage eGFR Description : : : G1 ≥ 90 Normal or high G2…

Alcohol and Cardiovascular Disease

…coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, heart failure and alcohol related cardiomyopathy. The cardiovascular implications of lower alcohol intake remain controversial. Epidemiological studies have often described a…

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Assessment and Prevention

…or extracellular fluid depletion; congestive heart failure or other cardiac dysfunction; haemodynamic instability; anaemia; multiple myeloma or other renal disease; hepatic disease; concurrent nephrotoxic drugs…

PCSK9 Inhibitors: Indications, Efficacy and Access

…Definition and Pathophysiology Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a hepatic protein that regulates the availability of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL…

Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Statins as First-Line Treatment

…and pathophysiology Lipid lowering therapy is a central component of cardiovascular prevention, particularly in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), chronic coronary syndrome (CCS)…

Empirical antibiotic therapy: quick reference for common infections

…and formulary availability; check what applies where you work. They assume normal renal and hepatic function, a non pregnant adult of normal weight, and individual…

Amiodarone: Loading, Maintenance Dosing and Monitoring Schedule

Arrhythmias and arrhythmology Pharmacology & dosing Pharmacokinetic Considerations Relevant to Dosing Amiodarone exhibits highly variable and complex pharmacokinetics that profoundly influence its dosing strategies. The drug…

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