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Acute stroke and thrombolysis: quick reference

…suggest aortic dissection CT of the brain Exclude intracerebral haemorrhage and assess early ischaemic changes CT angiography The standard investigation in acute stroke to identify…

Paediatric and neonatal ECG interpretation

…Median values with the 2nd and 98th percentiles. 0–1 month 1–3 months 3–6 months 6–12 months 1–3 years 3–5…

Indications, Contraindications, and Preparations for Exercise Stress Testing

…block (not caused by medications) Stroke within 1 month Preparations for exercise stress testing The laboratory and personnel Exercise stress testing may be conducted by…

Introduction to pediatric & neonatal ECG interpretation

…to Figure 1 . Figure 1. Cross sectional view of ventricular wall thickness in children (<1 month old) and adults. Because the left ventricle, in adults…

Introduction to pediatric & neonatal ECG interpretation

…ECG). The fetal circulation During the fetal period and the first month of life the right ventricle is larger than the left ventricle. This is…

Atrial fibrillation: quick reference for emergency management

…the following: A systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg caused by the arrhythmia. Ongoing myocardial ischaemia with chest pain and ECG changes. Acute pulmonary oedema…

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…treatment of a neurologically compromised patient. Continuous glucose monitoring reflects interstitial glucose and lags behind the blood glucose during rapid changes. Pressure on the sensor…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and Electrocardiographic Criteria

…of clinical conditions characterized by a recent change in symptoms or signs, with or without electrocardiographic changes, and with or without acute elevations in cardiac…

Fractional shortening for estimation of ejection fraction

…percentage change in left ventricular diameter during systole. It is measured in parasternal long axis view (PLAX) using M mode. The end systolic and end…

Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area (PISA)

…The flow will converge and accelerate just proximal to the orifice. The change in flow profile results in the formation of a hemisphere with several…

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