…3. Insert a peripheral venous cannula. 4. Measure the blood pressure in both arms at the first assessment, particularly in chest pain, back pain or…

…0.5–3.0 μg/kg/min + + + +++++ Low dose dopamine stimulates D1 receptors and induces vasodilatation in the coronary, renal, cerebral and mesenteric vessels…

…with cerebral atherosclerosis. Cryptogenic stroke : These cases have no known mechanism. Paradoxical embolism : Paradoxical embolism occurs when thromboembolic material is transported from the venous circulation…

…include cerebral, facial, airway and thoracic injuries. Tension pneumothorax : Tension pneumothorax increases intrathoracic pressure, which subsequently compresses larger thoracic veins and thus inhibits venous return…

…decompressions that result in perfusion of cardiac, cerebral, and pulmonary tissue. Chest compressions produce perfusion of vital organs by increasing the pressure in the atria…

…result, pupils often dilate widely within 30–120 seconds of cardiac arrest and light reactivity is lost when cerebral blood flow ceases. In other words…

…6 minutes (Lipton et al). Survival in cardiac arrest is highly dependent on the initial rhythm (first recorded rhythm). The initial rhythm is a marker…

…is to relieve the cerebral oedema quickly, not to normalise the plasma sodium. Chronic or minimally symptomatic hyponatraemia must be corrected in a controlled fashion…

…cerebral ischaemia; known CAD, PAD, or other atherosclerotic disease; diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors; smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, and sedentary behaviour; family history, particularly in…

…a universal target. Chronic hypertension shifts autoregulation in the brain and kidneys towards higher pressures. Too rapid a normalisation can therefore cause cerebral, coronary or…