…is classified instead as an ectopic atrial rhythm (EAR) . Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) most commonly occurs in individuals with underlying structural or electrical heart disease…

…vast majority of patients with ventricular tachycardia either have coronary artery disease (ischemic heart disease), heart failure, cardiomyopathy or valvular heart disease. In these populations…

…heart disease, or several mechanisms acting simultaneously. Acute myocardial infarction Acute myocardial infarction requires: Acute myocardial injury, demonstrated by a rise and/or fall in…

…Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is frequently diagnosed when ischemic, valvular, and hypertensive causes are excluded. However, advances in molecular diagnostics reveal that up to 30…

…Familial clustering may also reflect shared environmental or behavioural factors rather than a single gene disorder. This distinction is important in premature coronary disease, hypertension…

…cardiomyopathies Cardiomyopathy implies that the myocardium is structurally and functionally altered, and the pathological changes are not explained by coronary heart disease, hypertension, valvular disease…

…Post ischemic stunning Adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling Ischemic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in developed countries…

…cardiac disease. Alcohol also increases the rise in myocardial oxygen consumption associated with exercise. Chronic myocardial injury Long term heavy consumption can produce a cardiomyopathy…

…induced cardiomyopathy Non compaction cardiomyopathy Peripartum cardiomyopathy Cardiomyopathy secondary to valvular heart disease Long term prognosis varies markedly across these conditions. The prognosis in idiopathic…

…atrial appendage, although competing mechanisms such as large artery atherosclerosis and small vessel disease may also contribute to stroke in patients with AF. Stroke risk…