…and treatment goals Diabetes, left ventricular function and other comorbidities Surgical risk and contraindications to prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy Patient preferences, local expertise and operator…

…MACE, offering a more personalized approach to revascularization strategy. For instance, SYNTAX Score II includes factors like age, creatinine clearance, and left ventricular ejection fraction…

…choice between PCI, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and medical therapy should incorporate the clinical profile, coronary anatomy, left ventricular ejection fraction, procedural factors and…

…or deep vein thrombosis Acute myocarditis or pericarditis Acute aortic dissection Physical disability that precludes safe and adequate testing Relative contraindications Known obstructive left main…

CPR Sex : Male Age : 62 years History : Coronary bypass grafting; history of arrhythmias. Medications : beta blockers ECG 1 . Sinus rhythm interrupted by ventricular tachycardia (VT…

…antegrade myocardial perfusion in the absence of a flow limiting epicardial stenosis. It is associated particularly with intervention on degenerated saphenous vein grafts, rotational atherectomy…

…It is defined by symptoms lasting more than 3 months and attributable to established reversible myocardial ischaemia in either of two settings: Obstructive coronary artery…

…ischaemia (ALI) is an abrupt reduction in arterial perfusion of an upper or lower limb that causes tissue metabolic requirements to exceed available blood flow…

…the relative merits of PCI and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Definition and Pathophysiology From balloon angioplasty to coronary stents Balloon angioplasty was initially limited…

…is immense and the procedure may be used in numerous situations, ranging from health screening to assessment of symptoms after coronary artery bypass surgery. Traditionally…

…trained and equipped to identify STEMI and administer fibrinolysis if necessary. I C If possible, patients should bypass non PCI centres to a PCI capable…

…manifestations of systemic atherosclerosis. The principal clinical concern is cerebral embolism or haemodynamic compromise leading to transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke. The risk associated…

…American Heart Association (AHA), and World Heart Federation (WHF) collaborated to redefine MI using a biochemical and clinical approach. This culminated in the Universal Definition…

…Type 4c MI caused by restenosis Type 5 MI associated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) Types 4b and 4c fulfil the criteria for type…

…4 to 6 days after acute myocardial infarction. Moreover, early exercise tests should not be maximal, which means that the clinician must set a lower…

…atria and the ventricles. Accessory pathways enable the atrial impulse to bypass the AV node and thereby the impulse delay in the AV node. Therefore…