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Acute Limb Ischaemia: Recognition and Urgent Management

…perfusion are essential. The abrupt arterial obstruction may result from progression of peripheral arterial disease, cardiac or aortic embolisation, acute aortic dissection, thrombosis of a…

Indications and contraindications for myocardial perfusion imaging

…contraindications Known obstructive left main coronary artery stenosis Moderate to severe aortic stenosis with uncertain relation to symptoms Tachyarrhythmias with uncontrolled ventricular rates Acquired advanced…

Carotid Artery Disease: Screening, Medical Therapy and Revascularisation

…family history, particularly in the broader assessment of peripheral arterial and aortic disease; planned surgery, especially carotid endarterectomy (CEA), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), or…

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease

…ventricular dysfunction, peripheral vascular disease and other manifestations of diffuse atherosclerosis. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are revascularization procedures. Both…

Sudden cardiac arrest: Case 3

CPR Sex : Male Age : 62 years History : Coronary bypass grafting; history of arrhythmias. Medications : beta blockers ECG 1 . Sinus rhythm interrupted by ventricular tachycardia (VT…

🟠 SYNTAX Score

…variables. This updated version improves predictive accuracy for 10 year mortality and 5 year MACE, offering a more personalized approach to revascularization strategy. For instance…

Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction After PCI and CABG

…intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and is classified within the universal MI framework as follows: Type 4a MI: MI related to PCI…

Refractory Angina: Options When Standard Therapy Fails

…It is defined by symptoms lasting more than 3 months and attributable to established reversible myocardial ischaemia in either of two settings: Obstructive coronary artery…

Drug-Eluting Coronary Stents: Evolution, Evidence and Stent Choice

…the relative merits of PCI and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Definition and Pathophysiology From balloon angioplasty to coronary stents Balloon angioplasty was initially limited…

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusions: Indications and Outcomes

…CTOs are common among patients undergoing coronary angiography, with reported prevalence ranging from 18% to 52%. They frequently occur in patients with severe coronary artery…

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