Cardiology Key points Levosimendan alleviates heart failure symptoms, increases cardiac output, and lowers pulmonary artery pressure without increasing myocardial oxygen consumption. The inotropic effect of…

…suspicion of ARVC. The gradual loss of myocardium leads to ventricular dilation and right heart failure. Biventricular heart failure is less common. ECG in ARVC…

…septal rupture VSR typically causes: Recurrent chest pain. Dyspnoea. Hypotension. Rapid development of biventricular failure. Pulmonary oedema. Cardiogenic shock. The shunt may initially be tolerated…

…echocardiography. Causes of right ventricular hypertrophy Lung disease (with increased pulmonary vascular resistance), congenital heart disease (transposition of the great arteries, pulmonary valve stenosis, atrial…

…However, the ECG may show features characteristic of biventricular hypertrophy. Biventricular hypertrophy ECG In case the ECG or other examinations suggest left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)…

…period of anticipated EMI. The perioperative strategy should also recognize that CRT patients may rely on continuous biventricular pacing for haemodynamic stability. In patients with…