…likelihood of clinically significant EMI is generally low, particularly with bipolar electrocautery performed away from the device and with monopolar electrocautery below the umbilicus. Nevertheless…

…chambers are paced. The stimulation artifact is larger in unipolar pacing, as compared with bipolar pacing. The latter yields a discrete stimulation artifact, which may…

…prior knowledge is required. Note that the terms unipolar leads and bipolar leads are not recommended because all ECG leads are bipolar, since they compare…

…chapter, the delivery of pacing pulses can be bipolar or unipolar. Sensing can also be bi or unipolar. Generally, sensing is more accurate with bipolar

…leads contain conductors wrapped in insulation (Figure 2). Most pacemakers utilize bipolar pacing (see below), in which the lead tip is equipped with two electrodes…