…CRT pacemaker, or CRT D. Manufacturer and model. Lead configuration and, where relevant, whether leads are unipolar or bipolar. Implantation history and current indication. Device…

…unipolar pacing, as compared with bipolar pacing. The latter yields a discrete stimulation artifact, which may be visible in one or a few leads. Figure…

…compare electrical currents in two measurement points. The electrophysiological basis of the ECG leads The movement of charged particles generates an electric current. In electrocardiology…

…chapter, the delivery of pacing pulses can be bipolar or unipolar. Sensing can also be bi or unipolar. Generally, sensing is more accurate with bipolar

…4). In bipolar pacing, the anode and cathode are both located within the heart and the resulting stimulation artifact becomes very discrete, or invisible. Figure…