Cardiology Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and pathophysiology Atherosclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the arterial wall in which lipid accumulation, vascular cell dysfunction…

…and extracellular matrix deposition, ultimately leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques [1] . While stable plaques are characterized by a thick fibrous cap and a…

…characterized by the gradual accumulation of inert cholesterol debris, modern vascular biology has redefined atherosclerosis as a dynamic, immune mediated fibroproliferative response to endothelial injury …

Myocardial ischemia and infarction Pharmacology & dosing Definition and pathophysiology Atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes have important inflammatory components. Inflammation contributes to atherothrombosis through activation of…

…burden of retained atherogenic particles accumulates over time, the probability of an acute atherosclerotic cardiovascular event increases. Non HDL Cholesterol Non HDL C is calculated…

…peripheral artery disease (PAD), and other manifestations of systemic atherosclerosis. The principal clinical concern is cerebral embolism or haemodynamic compromise leading to transient ischaemic attack…

…mortality. Cardiovascular conditions associated with obesity include hypertension, dyslipidaemia, coronary artery disease (CAD), atherosclerosis, heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular events. In clinical practice…

…and infarction Definition and therapeutic rationale Multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) refers to clinically significant atherosclerotic disease affecting two or more major epicardial coronary arteries…

…and mortality, as well as limb complications. Atherosclerotic lesions generally affect large and medium sized arteries. Pathological features include plaque formation with calcium deposition, medial…

…abstinence from tobacco and ultimately from nicotine. Smoking is a major modifiable driver of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Its relationship with cardiovascular risk is nonlinear…