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The ischemic cascade

…alterations are evident. Subjective symptoms (i.e. chest pain) appear as the last event in the cascade. Thus, ischemic episodes may pass asymptomatically. Importance of…

🟠 Antiarrhythmic drugs in acute ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation)

…acquired). The VT is polymorphic with a gradual alteration in the QRS amplitude, often with twisting of the QRS complex around the isoelectric line. Most…

Antiarrhythmic drugs in ventricular tachyarrhythmias

…acquired). The VT is polymorphic with a gradual alteration in the QRS amplitude, often with twisting of the QRS complex around the isoelectric line. Most…

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

…main pulmonary artery. Depending on the size and form of the thrombus, it will occlude the main pulmonary artery or its branches. The larger the…

Acquired QT Prolongation and Drug-Induced Arrhythmia

…alterations in reentry pathways. Proarrhythmic events occur in 5% to 10% of patients receiving antiarrhythmic agents, and this risk is amplified in the presence of…

🟠 Mean arterial pressure (MAP) calculator

…alterations in heart rate, stroke volume, or vascular tone can significantly impact MAP, reflecting the dynamic interplay between cardiac function and vascular resistance. Advantages of…

Early repolarization pattern on ECG (early repolarization syndrome)

…and arrhythmology. Regarding the risk of ventricular fibrillation, it is believed that early repolarization is caused by altered ion channel function (alterations in sodium, potassium…

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