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Cardiovascular Prevention in the Very Elderly

…and physical inactivity. The interaction between these acquired risks and age related cardiovascular remodeling contributes to the high incidence and prevalence of coronary and vascular…

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening and Surveillance

…are related to atherosclerotic disease. At least 90% of AAAs larger than 4 cm are associated with atherosclerotic pathology. AAA prevalence increases with age and…

Sinus node dysfunction (SND) and sick sinus syndrome (SSS)

…article. A rehearsal follows. Reversible causes of sinus node dysfunction Age related degenerative disease (development of fibrosis) of the sinoatrial node. Myocardial ischemia/infarction. Perimyocarditis…

Complete Versus Culprit-Only Revascularization in Acute Coronary Syndrome

…haemodynamic status, coronary anatomy, comorbidities, procedural complexity, age, frailty, and anticipated adherence to antithrombotic therapy. Anatomical and functional completeness are not synonymous. Anatomically incomplete revascularization…

Approach to patients with chest pain: differential diagnoses, management & ECG

…symptoms in the emergency department, as well as in primary health care. The cause (etiology) of chest pain varies according to age, sex, risk factors…

Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

…lifetime burden of hypertension. Hypertension becomes more prevalent in women than men after approximately 65 years of age. Hypertension related left ventricular hypertrophy, concentric remodelling…

Resistant Hypertension: Evaluation and Treatment

…including older age, Black ethnicity, elevated body mass index, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease. Evaluation and Physical Examination The diagnostic assessment should establish that hypertension…

STEMI: Primary PCI and System-of-Care Time Targets

…PCI of an occluded infarct related artery is not recommended in stable, asymptomatic patients without severe ischaemia. Evaluation and Physical Examination The initial evaluation should…

Cardiac amyloidosis

…been described [12]. Wild type ATTR (ATTRwt): A sporadic, age related disease characterized by a normal TTR genetic sequence [9, 19]. It is currently considered…

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

…hemodynamic alterations which may culminate in cardiac arrest. Pulmonary embolism is causally related to deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Approximately 70% of individuals with symptomatic pulmonary…

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