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Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Cardiac troponins, ECG & Symptoms

…The diagnosis requires elevated levels of cardiac troponins. In addition to elevated troponins, the patient must display either symptoms or ECG changes consistent with myocardial…

Clinical application of ECG in chest pain & acute myocardial infarction

…where it is stated that it is extremely uncommon to have a non ischemic ECG (absence of ST T changes) during chest pain caused by…

Approach to patients with chest pain: differential diagnoses, management & ECG

…under acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Aortic dissection Pneumothorax Pulmonary embolism Mediastinitis (rare condition) In addition to these five conditions, there are numerous other causes of…

Non-ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and Unstable Angina

Introduction to Coronary Atherosclerosis, Plaques, Atherothrombosis Coronary atherosclerosis is a chronic, progressive, and highly dynamic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall. It is characterized by…

Myocardial Injury Versus Infarction: Interpreting Troponin Elevation

…with myocardial infarction. Cardiac troponin identifies injury to myocardial cells, but infarction requires additional clinical evidence that the injury resulted from acute myocardial ischaemia. Thus…

Pediatric aspects of ECG leads & anatomy

…electrodes more proximally (closer to the trunk): leg electrodes are placed proximally on the thighs and arm electrodes are placed proximally on the upper arm…

Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction After PCI and CABG

…above the 99th percentile upper reference limit, it must be stable or falling before a subsequent rise can reliably be attributed to acute procedural injury…

The PR Interval & PR segment

…the article is provided below. PR interval and PR segment The PR interval stretches from the onset of the P wave to the onset of…

Arterial Hypertension: Definition, Diagnosis and Out-of-Office Measurement

…based approach because cardiovascular benefit from blood pressure reduction may also occur in selected people whose pressure is elevated but below the conventional hypertension threshold…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…injury. Myocardial injury Myocardial injury is defined by at least one cardiac troponin (cTn) concentration above the assay specific 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL)…

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