…a reduced level of consciousness, seizures, confusion, a change in behaviour, collapse or an acute neurological deficit. Hypoglycaemia can cause hemiparesis, aphasia and radiological changes…

…patient to recite the months of the year backwards. A normal result does not exclude delirium, however, and an abnormal result is not specific to…

…owing to changes in intra and extracellular electrolyte concentrations. Some electrolyte imbalances are clinically negligible (from an electrophysiological standpoint), whereas others may be life threatening…

…segment is flat and isoelectric (i.e in level with the baseline). Displacement of the ST segment is of fundamental importance, particularly in acute myocardial…

…those used in echocardiography. The 17 segment model of the left ventricle serves as a standardized framework for identifying and localizing areas of ischemia or…

…die and the cell membranes collapse whereby cellular proteins are released into the circulation. It is possible to detect elevated levels of myocardial proteins in…

…cause abnormal ventricular activation (i.e. contraction). The significance of this will depend on the severity of the conduction defect and the affected ventricle. In…

…screening and population level risk estimation, but it does not characterize body composition, fat distribution, skeletal muscle mass, physical fitness or individual health status. In…

…in which abnormal plasma cells produce misfolded immunoglobulin light chains [8, 19]. Light chains are directly toxic to cardiomyocytes, inducing the elaboration of high levels…

…notching of the mid QRS in at least two left facing leads [7]. These stricter parameters correlate more closely with abnormal LV mechanical function and…